Physiotherapy Department
Role of Neurological Physiotherapist Specialist :
A neurological physiotherapist helps restore physical function that may have been lost following injury to the brain or the spinal cord. This may include a Stroke, Head Injury, Spinal cord injury, Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. Neurological physiotherapists acknowledge the difficulties faced by individuals with neurological conditions and are experienced in treating people with different difficulties. Physiotherapists also work closely with other health professionals such as occupational therapists, social workers, speech therapists and orthotists to provide the best possible treatment and to optimise your recovery. A neurological physiotherapist will target problems such as:Walking problems ,Muscle problems, Functional problems, Spasticity ,Sensory problems, Fatigue, Pain, Movement disorders etc.
Principles of neurological physiotherapy include:
Neurological physiotherapy is based around many different principles of rehabilitation. Neurological physiotherapy aims to improve movement, mobility and independence in patients facing challenges with everyday activities due to damaged central nervous system (brain and spinal cord).
- Bobath approach – stimulates sensory and motor pathways by encouraging normal movement patterns. Bobath physiotherapy will normalise tone and help you regain motor control by making movements easier to achieve.
- Carr and Shepherd approach – improves functional ability by making treatment task-specific and encouraging active involvement throughout the rehabilitation process. Carr and Shepherd physiotherapy will help you relearn movement and daily tasks such as climbing the stairs, getting in and out of the bath and making a cup of tea.
- Brunnstrom approach – is based around muscles working together (synergically) and encouraging movement in a sequential manner in order to restore normal motor function. Brunnstrom physiotherapy will help recover movement and improve functional tasks.
- Conductive education approach – teaches people how to overcome their movement difficulties using a combination of education and psychology. Treatment focuses on repetition of tasks to facilitate learning and solve problems arising from motor disorders.
- Many physiotherapists use a combination of the above principles depending on the type of neurological condition. Neurological physiotherapy treatment will be tailored to your individual needs and symptoms in order to maximise your potential.
Following are the most commonly seen Neurological Conditions by Neurological Physiotherapy Specialist :-
- STROKE & HEMIPLEGIA ( PARALYSIS ) NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- CEREBRAL PALSY AND CHILDHOOD PARALYSIS NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES (TBI) NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- BELL’ S PALSY & FACIAL PARALYSIS NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- TUMOR- POST NEUROSURGICAL / POST-OPERATIVE NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION
- SPINAL INJURIES-POST NEUROSURGICAL/POST-OPERATIVE NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- HAEMORRHAGE AND PARALYSIS NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURIES(FOOT DROP,WRIST DROP) NEURO / NEUROSURGICAL/POST OPERATIVE PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- PARKINSON’ S DISEASE NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- PARAPLEGIA NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- SPINAL CORD LESIONS NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- MOTOR NEURON DISEASE (MND) NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- POLY-NEUROPATHIES & NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- ATAXIA & NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- POST OPERATIVE MUSCULAR WEAKNESS & PARESIS NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- GAIT AND AMBULATORY PROBLEMS & NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- COORDINATION & BALANCE NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- NERVE INJURIES & NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME & NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- BRACHIAL PLEXUSES INJURIES (BPI) & NEURO- PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
How Does Physical Therapy Work?
Physiotherapy programs designed to treat the specific needs of a pregnant woman are now available. A women’s health physiotherapist specializing in issues associated with pregnancy can recommend exercises for pregnant and post-partum women after an assessment.
Once a woman is familiar with the specific recommendations made by her therapist, she can incorporate them into her exercise routine to maintain wellness and stay healthy during and after pregnancy.
- PREGNANCY EXERCISES-PRENATAL (SEMESTER WISE) & POST PREGNANCY PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE (PID) PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- POST PREGNANCY POSTURAL LOW BACK ACHE & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- SACROILIAC JOINT PAIN & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- PUBIC PAIN & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- LUMBAR & HIP PAIN & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- CRAMPS DURING PREGNANCY & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- STRESS INCONTINENCE & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- PELVIC FLOOR EXERCISES & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- KEGAL’S EXERCISES & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
An evaluation generally consists of an analysis of the following :
- Joint mobility.
- Muscle imbalances and strengths.
- Sensation testing.
- Functional limitations.
Between four to six sessions are typically attended to teach physiotherapy techniques, such as:
- Pain management for pain relief.
- Exercises to improve strength and mobility.
- Exercises to help postural alignment and body balance.
- Techniques to aid joint and soft tissue flexibility.
- Stress relief and relaxation training.
- Trial of maternity back braces and orthopaedic support for the lower back.
- Recommendations for sleeping positions.
- Postpartum rehabilitation.
The role of an Orthopaedic Physiotherapy specialist.
Orthopaedic Physiotherapy is the oldest branch of physiotherapy and is oriented towards the treatment of musculoskeletal ailments. It involves regaining appropriate health and function of structures surrounding the Joint regions and normalizing the Biomechanics following any injury or Orthopaedic disease. The rehabilitation of orthopedically disabled individuals is also a major area of function. The area of practice is very promising. Specialized Physiotherapy forms the mainstay of conservative care for almost all Orthopaedic conditions and it is essentially required following all the major Orthopaedic surgeries.
The most common orthopaedic conditions and postoperative management of such conditions is described below:-
- KNEE REPLACEMENT (TKR) POST OPERATIVE / SURGICAL PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- HIP REPLACEMENT (THR) POST POSTOPERATIVE /SURGICAL PHYSIOTHERAPY
- FRACTURE-POST PLASTER (REMOVAL) PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- DISC PROLAPSE POST ORTHOPAEDIC/NEUROSURGICAL PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- SPINAL CORD INJURIES AND PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- SPINE AND BACK PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- CERVICAL / LUMBAR SPONDYLOSIS PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- LIGAMENT INJURIES PRE-POST OPERATIVE PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- SPORTS INJURIES PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- OSTEOARTHRITIS /RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS / ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- HAND INJURIES/DISORDERS IN ORTHOPAEDIC PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- TENNIS ELBOW PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- FROZEN SHOULDER ( PERIARTHRITIS) PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- PLANTAR FASCIITIS & HEEL PAIN PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- POSTURAL PROBLEMS PHYSIOTHERAPY /ERGONOMIC REHABILITATION.
- POST FRACTURE PAIN/STIFFNESS/COMPROMISED RANGE OF MOTION OF JOINT.
- DEFORMITIES / CONTRACTURE / LOCOMOTOR HANDICAPPED PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- MUSCLE SPASM /TENDERNESS /TIGHTNESS PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- CHILDHOOD ORTHOPAEDIC INJURIES / DISORDERS PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- SCIATICA AND LOW BACK PAIN PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION
Neurological & Orthopaedic Pediatric Physiotherapy
Pediatric physiotherapists provide treatment for children aged between 0 and 18 years with neurological and developmental problems as well as all kind of orthopedic problems. Neurological conditions arise from damage to the central (brain and spinal cord) and /or peripheral nervous system. This can lead to difficulties with movement, muscle tone, strength, sensation and balance. Developmental problems can cause delays in the achievement of milestones. We take care of the entire spectrum of pediatric orthopedic problems from birth to skeletal maturity (teenagers). Pediatric Physiotherapist are experts in treating disorders of growth and development of the skeleton, muscles, and joints in children. Thus they are able to effectively interpret, diagnose, and treat skeletal abnormalities in children and adolescents. We also provide state-of-the-art care for many congenital spinal problems due to birth defects in spinal bone and spinal cord formation, which often leads to neurologic problems or spine deformities such as scoliosis at an eary age.
Common Pediatric Orthopaedics and Neurological Problems are:-
- CEREBRAL PALSY PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- ACUTE BRAIN INJURIES IN CHILDHOOD & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- LEARNING DISABILITIES & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL-SPECIAL EDUCATION-PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION.
- ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDERS PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL-SPECIAL EDUCATION – PSYCHOLOGICAL REHABILITATION.
- BRACHIAL PLEXUSES INJURIES IN CHILDHOOD & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- INFECTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IN CHILDHOOD & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- POLIOMYELITIS & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- GUILLAIN BARRE SYNDROME IN CHILDHOOD & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- TALIPES EQUINOVARUS/TALIPES CALCANEOVALGUS & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF HIP & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- SPINA BIFIDA & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- FLAT FOOT IN CHILDHOOD & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY(DMD) & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- TORTICOLLIS IN CHILDHOOD & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- JUVENILE ANKYLOSING SPONDILITIS & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- POST BURN CHILDREN & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- JUVENILE CHRONIC ARTHRITIS & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
- DISCREPANCY IN LEG LENGTH & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- JUVENILE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS & PHYSIO-OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY REHABILITATION.
Pediatric physiotherapy treatment will help:-
- Make movements easier to achieve.
- Train normal patterns of movement.
- Improve ability with everyday activities.
- Increase muscle strength.
- Increase range of movement.
- Improve gross or fine motor skills.
- Improve posture.
- Increase balance.
- Lengthen tight muscles to help decrease spasticity and reduce contractures.
- Increase confidence with tasks.
- Increase independence.
- Achieve maximum potential Pediatric physiotherapists will help babies and children by promoting physical development to reach milestones as soon as possible.
Physiotherapy treatment may include:
- Exercises based around everyday activities to increase muscle strength in the trunk and shoulders which will help improve balance and coordination.
- Stretching to lengthen muscles and reducing contractures.
- Leg exercises to increase mobility or learning to walk and stand without an aid.
The technical advancements in the Physio-rehabilitation of sports injuries has increased dramatically over the past several years. With today’s increased attention to physical fitness and wellness among all age groups, combined with the emphasis to manage rehabilitative care more effectively and efficiently, it is essential to utilize those technical advances to provide a complete program of rehabilitation.
A thorough evaluation is completed and a comprehensive individual program is implemented for each patient. Our purpose is not only to decrease pain, but to normalize function and thus provide a quick return to normal activities and establish a continuing prevention program. Working closely with the physician, we are able to promote the patient with a well-rounded program of rehabilitation, education, prevention and fitness.
Common Sports injuries Problems are:-
- SPRAIN & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- STRAIN & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- MUSCULAR TEARS & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- LIGAMENT TEARS / INJURIES & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- MUSCULAR PAIN & SWELLING/SPASM.
- PRE & POST OPERATIVE SPORTS FITNESS REGIME & PHYSIOTHERAPY REHABILITATION.
- STRENGTH,ENDURANCE & POWER & PHYSIOTHERAPY TRAINING.
- JOINT PAIN DURING SPORTS & PHYSIO-REHABILITATION.
- SOFT TISSUE INJURIES & PHYSIO-REHABILITATION.
Physiotherapy during Pregnancy
Pregnancy can significantly affect your overall daily functioning. A woman’s body goes through incredible physical and hormonal changes before and after delivery. For years, discomfort associated with pregnancy has been accepted as a normal part of the process. Today, many physicians recommend physical therapy to relieve the discomfort experienced by pregnant women and help prepare the pregnant body for an easier delivery and recovery process. Pregnancy and Physical Therapy.
Even regular tasks such as sitting, walking, standing and working can be difficult when pregnant. Almost all women experience musculoskeletal discomfort during pregnancy, and as many as 25% of all pregnant women experience temporarily disabling ones. This is due to the tremendous changes undergone by the body during any healthy pregnancy.
With physiotherapy, techniques can be learned to help relieve the following conditions:
- Lower back pain caused by a shift in the mother’s centre of gravity as the baby grows.
- Neck pain and headaches due to changes in posture.
- Tightness and pain in the hamstrings and heel cords caused by a flattening of the feet.
- Arm pain or tingling caused by nerve compression associated with an increased chest diameter.
- Bladder leakage during pregnancy and after delivery due to strained pelvic muscles.
- Stretching of the abdominal walls leading to back pain and difficult delivery due to ineffective abdominal contractions.